3.3.4.2 Alouatta seniculus seniculus (Linnaeus, 1766) The distribution of A. s. seniculus is restricted to Colombia (east of the Andes), northwestern Venezuela (around Maracaibo Lake), Brazilian Amazon to the north of the Rio Solimões and south of the Rio Negro, eastern Ecuador, and eastern Peru (east of the Río Huallaga, to the upper Marañon, and rios Napo and Putumayo). This subspecies represents the typical seniculus described by Linnaeus (1766). A number of genetic studies have included individuals sampled from within the distribution range of this subspecies (e.g., Yunis et al. 1976; Cortés-Ortiz et al. 2003) showing clear genetic differences with other species. However, phylogeographic studies that include representatives of the different subspecies here considered are still lacking, preventing a better understanding of the distribution of genetic variation within the species and limiting our abilities to correctly classify these forms.

Published as part of Cortés-Ortiz, Liliana, Rylands, Anthony B. & Mittermeier, Russell A., 2015, Howlec MonSeys Adaptive Radiation, Systematics, and Mocphology, pp. 49-84 in The Taxonomy of Howler Monkeys: Integrating Old and New Knowledge from Morphological and Genetic Studies, New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London :Springer on page 74, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1957-4, http://zenodo.org/record/17352914