Comparative linguistics is a scientific field aimed at studying various languages, their mutual influence, structure, and rules. It is one of the key methodological approaches in linguistics and literary studies. This approach helps reveal the connections between language and culture by identifying the differences and similarities between languages. Comparative linguistics enables a deeper understanding of the natural characteristics of languages by comparing phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic aspects. Additionally, the development and methodology of contrastive linguistics are crucial for creating effective approaches in language learning. This methodology holds great significance in linguistic analysis, translation, literary studies, and cultural communication.