Periodontal disease, a common cause of tooth loss, is an inflammatory response to the overgrowth of anaerobic and micro-aerophilic organisms in the subgingival plaque. Various 5-Nitroimidazole chemotherapeutic agents have been discussed in this review article with a special emphasis on periodontal gels because of their relatively fast rate of drug release, ease of preparation, easier administration, a high biocompatibility and mucoadhesivity, which in turn allow prolong adhesion to the dental mucosa and at the same time, rapid elimination. Scaling and root planning treatment along with use of 5-Nitroimidazole drugs like metronidazole, satranidazole, niridazole, ornidazole and tinidazole in different dosage form are very promising way of treatment of periodontitis.