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Resumen Introducción: el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es el trastorno neuroconductual más frecuente en niños; su coexistencia con la ansiedad en los niños y sus padres incide en que se incrementen sus problemas sociales, familiares y académicos. Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia y la relación del trastorno de ansiedad entre pacientes pediátricos con TDAH y sus padres. Material y métodos: estudio analítico, observacional, realizado en un hospital de tercer nivel en Puebla, México, en pacientes de 8 a 15 años con diagnóstico de TDAH y sus padres; se excluyeron aquellos con algún diagnóstico psiquiátrico agregado. Todos los padres firmaron consentimiento informado y los niños de 8 a 15 años carta de asentimiento informado. A los pacientes se les aplicó la segunda edición de la Escala de ansiedad manifiesta en niños revisada (CMASR-2), y a los padres la Escala de ansiedad de Hamilton. Los datos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva y coeficiente de phi. Resultados: se reclutaron 150 pacientes y sus padres. En los niños predominó el sexo masculino, y el subtipo de TDAH mixto (64.7%). El 100% reportó tratamiento farmacológico y el 20.7% se combinó con psicoterapia. El 65% de niños registró algún tipo de ansiedad con una correlación phi de 0.337 (p < 0.001) de este trastorno entre hijos y padres. Conclusiones: los pacientes pediátricos con TDAH tienen una frecuencia elevada de presentar ansiedad como comorbilidad, la cual se correlaciona con ansiedad en sus padres.
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder in children; its coexistence with anxiety in children and their parents increases their social, family, and academic problems. Objective: To identify the prevalence and correlation of anxiety disorder in pediatric patients with ADHD and their parents. Material and methods: Analytical, observational study conducted in a tertiary-level hospital in Puebla, Mexico, in patients aged 8 to 15 years with a diagnosis of ADHD and their parents; those with an additional psychiatric diagnosis were excluded. All parents signed informed consent, and children aged 8 to 15 years signed a letter of informed assent. The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale-Second Edition (RCMAS-2) was administered to the patients and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale to the parents. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics and phi coefficient. Results: 150 patients and their parents were recruited. The children were predominantly male, and the ADHD subtype was mixed (64.7%). 100% reported pharmacological treatment and 20.7% were combined with psychotherapy. 65% of children registered some type of anxiety with a phi correlation of 0.337 (p < 0.001) of this disorder between children and parents. Conclusions: Pediatric patients diagnosed with ADHD often experience anxiety as a comorbidity, which is correlated with anxiety in their parents.
Aportación Original, Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad; Ansiedad; Atención; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Anxiety; Attention
Aportación Original, Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad; Ansiedad; Atención; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Anxiety; Attention
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