Modern medicine is built on the basis of medical laboratory science, which performs a wide range of crucial tasks that support illness detection, treatment, prevention, and research. Its impact on clinical decision-making, public health policy, and the advancement of medical knowledge reaches well beyond the confines of the laboratory. Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) plays a vital role in modern healthcare. MLS specialists assess a range of patient samples, including blood, urine, tissue, and other biological fluids. These tests help physicians diagnose patients, monitor the effectiveness of medicines, and manage chronic illnesses. Laboratories are crucial for detecting infectious illness epidemics. They provide public health professionals with the vital data they require to keep an eye on.