Identification key for non-neotropical drosophilid species occurring in Brazil 1. Presence of stripes on mesonotum…………….…...…………….2 - Absence of stripes on mesonotum…………...…………………...3 2. Yellowish fly, with two silvery-white stripes bordered by black across the head (Fig. 1A). Four stripes across the mesonotum and two in the scutellum (Fig. 1B). Two reduced prescutellar setae. Profemur with a row of strong setae, each one arising from a small tubercle with another setula (Fig.1C). Costal index about 2.6.Subapical setae on fourth and fifth abdominal tergites arising from blackish spots……...........…… Zaprionus indianus - Yellowish fly with three dark-brown stripes across the mesonotum, median one forked in posterior half (Fig. 1D). Pleura with two horizontal stripes (Fig. 1E). Costal index about 3.1. Abdomen with dark bands interrupted in the middle and narrowed at the sides (Fig. 1F)..……………......……….… Drosophila busckii 3. Dark brown fly. Carina longitudinally grooved (Fig. 1G). Basal scutellar setae divergent (Fig. 1H). Wing crossveins slightly shaded (Fig.1I). Costal index about 3.0. Abdominal tergites 2-6 completely dark .............................................…… Drosophila virilis - Basal scutellar setae convergent (Fig. 1J) …..................……........4 4 Presence of cuneiform setae on the inner side of profemur (Fig. 2A).…......…....................................................................................5 - Absence of cuneiform setae on the inner side of profemur ….. .............................................................................................................…....6 5 Face region with a silvery-shining pigmentation (Fig. 2B), this area is more easily visualized in dry preserved males. Pleura with a wide, slightly brownish stripe (Fig 2C). Costal index about 3.1 ................................................................. Drosophila nasuta - Male protarsomeres 1 and 2 with a dense brush of long hairy setae (Fig. 2D). Wings with crossveins and tips of longitudinal veins slightly shaded (Fig.2E), costal index about 4.4. Abdominal bands medially interrupted with triangular marginal bands (Fig.2F) ............................................................ Drosophila immigrans 6 Presence of prescutellar setae on mesonotum (Fig. 2G). Light hyaline wings. Sex combs absent (Scaptodrosophila genus)…..…....…...................................................................………….7 - Absence of prescutellar setae on mesonotum.Males with sex combs on protarsus (melanogaster species group) ……….………………8 7 Light yellow fly.Costal index about 1.5.Abdomen deep dark (Fig.2H) ….........…….............…....…... Scaptodrosophila latifasciaeformis - Dark brown fly. Costal index about 2.1 Large brown abdominal bands ………..……………….… Scaptodrosophila lebanonensis 8 Male protarsus with two small rows of 3-4 peg-like setae forming a sex comb (Fig. 2I). Male wings with a large subdistal black spot (Fig. 3A), costal index about 3.5. Females with a large serrated oviscapt (Fig 3B) ................................ Drosophila suzukii - Male protarsus with a single row of peg-like setae forming a sex comb (Fig. 3C). Costal index 2.4. Male epandrial posterior lobe small and nearly triangular (Fig. 3D). Female abdomen with its large dark bands on the sixth tergite running to its ventral margin (Fig. 3E).………......................… Drosophila melanogaster * description and Miller et al. (2017) ** description and Bächli et al. (2005). - Male protarsus with a single row of peg-like setae, forming a sex comb (Fig. 3C). Costal index 2.3. Male epandrial posterior lobe very large and roundish with an amber like color (Fig. 3F). Female abdomen pigmentation border line making an angle with the sixth tergite margin (Fig. 3G) …..................................... .................................................................…...... Drosophila simulans - Male protarsus with several transverse rows of short setae on the ventral surface, forming an indistinct sex comb (Fig. 3H). Costal index 1.5 ............................................. Drosophila ananassae - Male protarsus with three small rows of 2-3 peg-like setae, forming a sex comb (Fig. 3I). Costal index 1.7................................. ..................................................................... Drosophila malerkotliana - Male protarsus with two rows of peg-like setae, forming a sex comb (Fig. 3J). Costal index 1.9................... Drosophila kikkawai

Published as part of Yuzuki, Keven & Tidon, Rosana, 2020, Identification key for drosophilid species (Diptera, Drosophilidae) exotic to the Neotropical Region and occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-9 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 2019100) (e 2019100) 64 (1) on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2019-100, http://zenodo.org/record/10664976