
doi: 10.52278/2425
Esta tesis aborda el problema de describir la dinámica del área de lagunas de la región pampeana bonaerense y vincularla con las precipitaciones, generando una metodología basada en el procesamiento de imágenes Landsat y el análisis de datos provenientes de estaciones meteorológicos del SMN, que sea aplicable al estudio de la dinámica ecológica de estos ambientes acuáticos. El trabajo se inicia con una descripción de los cuerpos de agua en general y de las lagunas pampeanas en particular, haciendo énfasis en las cinco lagunas que se seleccionaron como objeto de estudio (Capítulo 1). Luego se describen todos los elementos involucrados en la construcción, interpretación y preprocesamiento de una imagen satelital (Capítulo 2). A continuación, se describen y comparan cinco algoritmos computacionales que permiten calcular el área de cuerpos lénticos a partir de imágenes satelitales (Capítulo 3). Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis de las precipitaciones registradas en el período 1970-2015 en las estaciones a partir de las cuales se calcula la precipitación local en cada laguna. También se calcula el Indice de Precipitación Estandarizado (SPI) para determinar la ocurrencia de períodos secos y húmedos (Capítulo 4). Finalmente, se construyen Modelos Lineales Generalizados con el objetivo de describir la variación del área lacunar, a lo largo del período 1984-2015, vinculándola a las precipitaciones previas y la cantidad de días de lluvias previos a cada imagen. This thesis addresses the problem of describing the dynamics of the lagoon area of the Buenos Aires Pampas region and linking it to rainfall, generating a methodology based on Landsat image processing and data analysis from weather stations of the SMN, which is applicable to study of the ecological dynamics of these aquatic environments. The work begins with a description of the water bodies in general and the Pampas lagoons in particular, emphasizing the five lagoons that were selected as the object of study (Chapter 1). Later, all the elements involved in the construction, interpretation and preprocessing of a satellite image are described (Chapter 2). Next, five computational algorithms that allow the calculation of the area of lentic bodies from satellite images are described and compared (Chapter 3). Subsequently, an analysis of the rainfall recorded in the 1970-2015 period is performed at the stations from which the local rainfall in each lagoon is calculated. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is also computed to determine the occurrence of dry and wet periods (Chapter 4). Finally, Generalized Linear Models are constructed with the objective of describing the variation of the lacunar area, over the period 1984-2015, linking it to the previous rainfall and the number of rainy days prior to each image.
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