This paper approaches the developments of Corduba during the reign of Augustus, when its situation changed dramatically after a first Republican historical span which had ended with the destruction of the city at the end of the civil war between Caesarians and Pompeians. During Augustus’ rule of Rome, Corduba became the capital of the new province of Hispania Ulterior Baetica. With this development, the city experimented a radical urban restructuring, two colonial deductiones which revitalized its population, and a prominent role of the economy in the middle of an invigorated communication network. The turn also had deep effects in the social fabric, where new horizons of change, wealth an individual promotion were opened.