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Investigations on the morphology of the quail's ear (Coturnix coturnix)

Authors: Anna Bonsmann;

Investigations on the morphology of the quail's ear (Coturnix coturnix)

Abstract

Although avian auricular anatomy has been investigated by various authors, little importance is attached to the avian ear in veterinary practice. In the present study literature concerning avian auricular anatomy and diseases was reviewed. Three imaging techniques (histology, high-field-MRI and micro-CT) were utilized to depict the morphology of the ear of the quail (Coturnix coturnix). After comparing methods, micro-CT data were chosen for the creation of a 3D model of the quail’s left ear. The model can be found in the form of a 3D PDF in the appendix of this work. An anatomical atlas of the quail’s ear was created. Seventeen histological sections were labelled and aligned to the reference model. A comparison of histological sections, 2D micro-CT and an open ear model is given and micrographs of histological sections were labelled. Measurements were conducted on the quail’s ear on micro- CT data and on casts of the external ear canal. Advantages and disadvantages of imaging techniques are discussed. Finally, the quail’s ear is compared to the ear of other birds, especially regarding areas of the middle ear, cochlea length and semicircular canal size. Measurements on middle ear areas and cochlea length are in line with those reported for other birds. Measurements of semicircular canal size are in line with those reported for other gallinaceous birds, indicating limited flight ability in the quail. Obwohl sich diverse Autoren der Vogelohranatomie gewidmet haben, wird dem Vogelohr in der tierarztlichen Praxis wenig Bedeutung beigemessen. In dieser Arbeit werden die Vogelohranatomie sowie Erkrankungen des Vogelohres nach Literaturrecherche besprochen. Histologie, high-field-MRI und micro-CT wurden genutzt um das Ohr der Wachtel (Coturnix coturnix) darzustellen. Nach einem Methodenvergleich wurde der CT Datensatz fur die Erstellung eines 3D Modelles ausgewahlt. Das 3D Modell ist in Form eines 3D PDFs im Anhang zu finden. Ein anatomischer Atlas wurde erstellt, fur den 17 histologische Schnitte beschriftet und am Referenzmodel ausgerichtet wurden. Jeder histologische Schnitt wird zum Vergleich neben dem dazugehorigen 2D micro-CT Bild sowie dem eroffneten 3D Modell platziert. Einzelne Strukturen wurden am histologischen Schnitt vergrosert und beschriftet. Messungen wurden an micro-CT Daten und an Abdrucken des auseren Ohres vorgenommen. Vor- und Nachteile der einzelnen bildgebenden Verfahren werden diskutiert. Abschliesend wird das Wachtelohr mit dem Ohr anderer Vogel verglichen, insbesondere in Bezug auf Mittelohrflachen, Lange der Cochlea und Grose der Bogengange. Cochlealange und Mittelohrflachen passen zu Werten, die fur andere Vogel berichtet wurden. Die Grose der Bogengange passt zu der Bogengangsgrose anderer Huhnervogel und deutet auf die weniger stark ausgepragte Flugfahigkeit der Wachtel hin.

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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