The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and preventive practices related to mammography among women belonging to the academic community of a private higher education institution. This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted through an online structured questionnaire applied to 55 participants. The results showed that, although most respondents recognize the importance of mammography for the early detection of breast cancer, significant gaps remain regarding the ideal age to start screening, the appropriate frequency of the exam, and the actual effectiveness of breast self-examination. It was also observed that emotional factors, such as fear of diagnosis and discomfort during the procedure, as well as socioeconomic and logistical barriers, are determining elements for low adherence to preventive practices. The main sources of information reported were awareness campaigns and social media, which reinforces the need to improve scientific communication channels, making them more accessible and evidence based. It is concluded that permanent health education actions within the university environment are essential to enhance knowledge, correct misconceptions, and encourage appropriate mammographic screening. The implementation of continuous educational strategies may significantly contribute to the early diagnosis of breast cancer and, consequently, to the reduction of morbidity and mortality rates associated with the disease, strengthening the role of educational institutions in promoting women's health.