In recent years a wealth of data and detailed hydrodynamical simulations have appeared that show the effects of interactions between the ICM and galaxies. Single dish observations show that cluster galaxies are deficient in their HI content out to 2 Abell radii. The deficient galaxies tend to be on radial orbits. Imaging of the HI distribution in individual galaxies shows a remarkable trend of HI extent with location in the cluster. These trends can be reproduced in simulations of ram pressure stripping by the ICM using SPH and 3D hydro-codes. Detailed imaging of individual galaxies shows in some caes undisturbed old stellar disks, truncated gas disks that are much smaller than the stellar disks, asymmetric extraplanar gas in the center and enhanced central star formation. These phenomena have all been predicted by hydrodynamical simulations. Optical imaging and spectroscopic surveys show that small HI disks go together with truncated star forming disks, that HI deficiency correlates with suppressed star formation rates and that the spatial extent of HI deficiency in clusters is matched by or even surpassed by the extent of reduced star formation rates. Recent volume limited HI imaging surveys of clusters in the local universe show that most gas rich galaxies are located in groups and subclumps, that yet have to fall into the clusters. In these groups we see much evidence for interactions between gas rich galaxies.

Invited review to appear in Carnegie Observatory Astrophysics Series, Vol. 3: Clusters of Galaxies: Probes of Cosmological Structure and Galaxy Evolution ed. J.S. Mulchaey, A.Dressler, and A. Oemler (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press) 17 pages, including 12 figures, fig 12 is in JPG format