Buffel grass is a fast-growing plant introduced to Australia to improve pasture productivity, especially in dry regions. However, it has become a serious environmental and cultural threat, particularly in Central Australia. It spreads rapidly, outcompetes native plants, increases fire risk, and damages culturally significant Aboriginal sites. In response, the Northern Territory government declared buffel grass a weed in 2024, requiring landowners to manage its spread. This project aims to assess the economic impact of buffel grass in the Northern Territory. It will examine both the benefits—such as improved grazing—and the costs, including environmental degradation, fire management, and loss of biodiversity and cultural values. The study will also estimate the financial costs of managing buffel grass in the Alice Springs area under three different scenarios: current minimal efforts, moderate active control, and comprehensive management. Consultations will be held with local stakeholders, including Indigenous land managers, pastoralists, government agencies, and environmental groups. The findings will help inform future policies and guide practical decisions about how to manage buffel grass effectively and sustainably. The project, led by Charles Darwin University, will be utilised by the Department of Lands, Planning, and Environment to support the development of a long-term management strategy.