After the development of the atomic and hydrogen weapons, nuclear deterrence has been commonly viewed as the ultimate form of deterrence among civilians and politicians. Throughout the Cold War and even in the present, various nations strived to initiate their nuclear weapons program to enhance national security and presence in international affairs. However, has our fear of nuclear weapons blinded us from objectively evaluating its effectiveness in deterring conflicts and wars? This paper aims to evaluate nuclear deterrence and conventional deterrence to determine which is effective. Components of deterrence are discussed to determine the characteristics of nuclear and conventional deterrence. In addition, various historical events and defense technologies are analyzed.