The Romanian puppet theatre had many forms of tradition, which appeared as a result of many intercultural influences. The Ukrainian vertep influenced the marionnette tradition of vicleim, the influence of turkish karagöz is present in the satirical theatre from 18th century, Punch and Judy and Kasperle are similar with the romanian Vasilache, a.s.o. Many of these popular traditions survived until the middle of the 20th century. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, a modern form of puppetry art was born, as in the other countries from Europe. This phenomenon occured especially as a result of the influence of the cech and austrian marionette theatres. In this moment were founded some marionnette theatres in Romania, as repertory and art theatres. This article is about that important moment of the foundation of the modern animation theatre.