Among smokers, approximately half meet criteria for tobacco use disorder, the formal psychiatric diagnosis of addiction to nicotine, making it among the most prevalent of all psychiatric disorders. Minimal contact interventions (MCIs) are intended for a wide variety of healthcare professionals, including psychologists, psychiatrists, primary care physicians, nurses, dentists, and social workers. Formal treatment comes in many forms, but can be broadly defined as being provided by a smoking cessation specialist and having more than one treatment interaction. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) provides low doses of nicotine to reduce withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation, weaning the individual away from physiological dependence on nicotine. Bupropion hydrochloride is a nonselective inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine transporters and an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The largest meta-analysis conducted for clinical trials of cytisine found an equal number of serious adverse events in those receiving cytisine and placebo. A number of second-line medications are available for smoking cessation, including clonidine and nortryptiline.