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Évaluation des variations spatio-temporelles de la qualité des eaux de la rivière Okpara au Bénin

Evaluation of spatio-temporal variations in water quality of Okpara River in Benin
Authors: Gouton , Rafiou Raoul Thierry; Abahi, Koudjodé Simon; Gnohossou , Pierre Midogbo; Akodogbo, Hotèkpo Hervé;

Évaluation des variations spatio-temporelles de la qualité des eaux de la rivière Okpara au Bénin

Abstract

Les perturbations environnementales dues aux activités anthropiques se multiplient dans la rivière Okpara et entraînent la pollution de ses eaux. La présente étude a été menée en vue d’évaluer la qualité des eaux de la rivière Okpara dans le temps et dans l’espace. Pour cela, des mesures in situ et des prélèvements d’eau ont été effectués en saison sèche et en saison pluvieuse sur trois stations du cours supérieur, trois stations du moyen et trois stations du cours inférieur. La caractérisation physicochimique de l’eau de la rivière Okpara et l’analyse en composantes principales des résultats ont été réalisées. Les résultats ont révélé que la profondeur, la transparence, le pH, les nitrates et les nitrites des eaux de la rivière Okpara n’ont pas significativement variés entre les positions. Les valeurs de transparence, de profondeur, de DCO, de DBO5, de NO2-, de NH4+ et de PO43- enregistrées en saison pluvieuse étaient significativement supérieures à celles de la saison sèche. Trois groupes de stations ont été identifiés. Le groupe 1 était constitué des stations du cours inférieur qui étaient caractérisées par les fortes valeurs de température, de profondeur, de transparence, de conductivité, de TDS, de pH, de DCO, de DBO5, de nitrites, de nitrates, d’ammonium et des orthophosphates ; le groupe 2 était composé des stations du cours supérieur qui présentaient les caractéristiques des eaux très bien oxygénées et le groupe 3 était constitué des stations du cours moyen dont les valeurs se situaient entre celles des deux autres groupes. Ces résultats constituent une base essentielle pour préservation de la biodiversité et l’amélioration de la qualité de la rivière Okpara. Environmental disturbances due to anthropogenic activities are increasing in the Okpara River and leading to pollution of its waters. This study was conducted to assess the water quality of the Okpara River in time and space. For this purpose, in situ measurements and water samples were taken in the dry season and the rainy season at three stations in the upper course, three stations in the middle course and three stations in the lower course. The physicochemical characterization of the Okpara River water and the principal component analysis of the results were carried out. The results revealed that the depth, transparency, pH, nitrates and nitrites of the Okpara River waters did not vary significantly between positions. The values for transparency, depth, COD, BOD5, NO2-, NH4+ and PO43- recorded during the rainy season were significantly higher than those recorded during the dry season. Three groups of stations were identified. Group 1 consisted of the lower course stations which were characterized by high values of temperature, depth, transparency, conductivity, TDS, pH, COD, BOD5, nitrites, nitrates, ammonium and orthophosphates; group 2 consisted of the upper course stations which presented the characteristics of very well oxygenated waters and group 3 consisted of the middle course stations, whose values were between those of the other two groups. These results constitute an essential basis for the preservation of biodiversity and the improvement of the quality of the Okpara River.

Keywords

variation longitudinale, qualité de l’eau, activités anthropiques, pollution, rivière tropicale, Bénin., Longitudinal variation, water quality, anthropogenic activities, pollution, tropical rivers, Benin.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold
Related to Research communities
Italian National Biodiversity Future Center