<div class="htmlview paragraph">Through effective utilization of the basic principles outlined in this paper, ECM equipment can become commonplace in manufacturing plants of the future. The three elements of an ECM machine are established by the following requirements for electrochemical machining: <ol class="list nostyle"> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">1.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The tool (cathode) must be positioned accurately relative to the workpiece (anode) and advanced toward the workpiece at a constant rate. There must be no relative movement between the tool and workpiece except in the direction in which machining is to be done.</div></li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">2.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A constant high velocity flow of clean electrolyte must be maintained in the small gap between the two electrodes.</div></li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">3.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Sufficient capacity of d-c current must be provided at machining gap to maintain the desired metal removal rate.</div></li></ol></div>