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Arabic International Phonetic Alphabet

Authors: Mansour Alghamdi;

Arabic International Phonetic Alphabet

Abstract

Since the invention of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in 1886, it remains the only alphabet that can represent all the sounds of world languages. However, the IPA symbols are based on the Roman letters. This means that speakers of languages which possess different orthography are not able to use them. For example, Arab linguists and researchers find it almost impossible to use IPA when they write in Arabic script; Arabic orthography differs in shape and direction of writing. In addition, IPA does not have symbols for the emphatic sounds: / ,/ط/ ,/ض/ ,/ص ظ/ /. To make it possible for Arab linguists and researcher who work on language sounds, a new alphabet has been designed. This paper is to present Arabic International Phonetic Alphabet (AIPA). AIPA consists of symbols that are based on Arabic orthographic system. It covers all the symbols in IPA in addition to some Arabic sounds which do not have representations in IPA. AIPA has been designed and now is available as Fonts. The AIPA fonts can be used in typing and entering linguistic data to computers. AIPA symbols differ from Arabic orthography in terms of independency; each symbol is not connected to the adjacent symbols. So, an Arabic word such as " صوتية " is written as: .\صاوتئ2ياه\

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
gold