
Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus of the alphavirus genus (Togaviridae family) transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. The word, Chikungunya, translates to “that which bends up”, based on the stooped position of patients during the rheumatic symptoms of the disease. The disease was first discovered in Tanzania in 1952-53 [1, 2]. In the past 50 years, there have been outbreaks of CHIKV in Asia and Africa. In 2004, an outbreak in Kenya occurred and spread to the Comoros infecting over 5,000 cases. In 2005-2006, a CHIKV outbreak infected an estimated 300,000 of an island population with about 785,000, with 237 resultant mortalities. The factors favoring this epidemic included viremic travelers from Africa, an immunologically naive population, and a mutation of the CHIKV that expanded the mosquito vector from the Aedes aegypti (aka the Yellow Fever Mosquito) to the Aedes albopictus (the Asian Tiger Mosquito) which was common on the island [1,3-8].
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