This paper proposes an Integer Nonlinear Programming (INLP) mathematical model to investigate the practical situations of production scheduling and planning with a parallel-machine layout focusing on multiple orders, diversified delivery deadlines, and multiple types of products. Production cost, machine setup cost, product holding cost, shortage cost, and antipollution cost are also considered in this model to achieve the goal of total cost optimization. This study creates a highly repeated characteristic because the proposed mathematical model and its solving procedure, (Accumulation and Backtrack staged Scheduling Approach, ABSSA) method, are constructed by the packaged software. Therefore, this study has its value for practical applications, and it is suitable for diversified production scheduling as well as the real-time scheduling of production planning. For production scheduling and planning of parallel machines, this study has provided a valuable decision support tool.