Although in recent decades the development of many drugs against cancer has been witnessed, the morbidity and mortality for the most prevalent urogenital cancer have not been significantly reduced. A key task in cancer medicine is to detect the disease as early as possible. In order to achieve this, many new technologies have been developed for cancer biomarker discovery. Monitoring fluctuations of certain metabolite levels in body fluids, such as urine, has become an important way to detect early stages in carcinogenesis. Moreover metabolomic approaches are likely to be used to screen for potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of urogenital cancer. In future work, these potential biomarkers should be further validated with a large enough patient cohort to achieve earlier diagnosis not only of urogenital cancer, but also other malignancies. Moreover, the improvement of patient prognosis will be another aim of such investigations. This novel metabolomic approach has the potential to provide more information about the pathophysiological status of an organism and distinguish precancerous and cancerous stages.