Stephen Kemmis and Robin McTaggart have argued that action research provides ways for research participants (including those involved and affected) in any social or professional practice to work together in order to bring about informed changes in their own practice. Action research is a social practice in itself, supporting participants to make their own individual and collective practices more rational, just, and sustainable. As such, action research has played an important role in the emergence of quality assurance practice and the service economy. ; No Full Text