Abstract Military forces are exposed to various kinds of special diseases for their occupational condition. As an academic discipline, Military Medicine serves to meet the healthcare needs of the forces. Professional Military Medicine has started working nearly from modern wars time in the 20th century. Regarding the growing global trends of war, terrorism, and natural disasters as well as modern changes in war strategies, weapons, and their consequences, Military Medicine is undergoing an evolution process. This review study was conducted to investigate the role and place of Military Medicine and the related approaches, medical curriculum, and the priority of developing specialized academic subfields of Military Medicine in Iran. Military physicians are in great need of knowledge, attitude, and skills. Today, Military Medicine includes a specialized approach, mobility, resuscitation, and stabilization of the injured as well as pre-hospital practices. Developing a specialized field for military emergency medicine with a special curriculum has been a priority in Iran that can meet the requirements of military forces for successful missions. Medical medicine departments of Military Medicine schools require new educational plans and curricula with specialized Military Medicine approaches and developments based on emerging needs. The most appropriate and the best option for military missions and emergencies in Iran is the physicians educated and specialized in Military Medicine.