Osteoarticular infections are a form of diagnostic and therapeutic emergency in infants and children, even if relatively rare. Despite decades of experience with different protocols, and multiple clinical trials, today it is still difficult to determine what kind of antibiotics is really effective, what kind of associations are required, which is the optimal time range of a treatment, when and on which subjects to base the transition from a parenteral treatment to an oral one. Current philosophy aims more and more at reducing hospitalization and costs, and wants to decrease the discomfort in the family. The purpose of these guidelines is to promote a reasoned clinical and therapeutic approach, in a context of diagnostic probabilities that offer the best chance of success in reducing hospitalization with a rapid transition to an oral treatment, and then outpatient, and thus educing totally the processing time.