The epistemological debates are far from being serene in the 1900s. The traumatic impact of the sciences of the nature putting a starting point in the human story or the extrapolations inherent to the development of the astronomy, increasing the dimensions of the universe up to the absurd, developed a climate of ideas with pessimistic consonances and crepuscular values. Maurice Renard is suspicious in his tales when he describes and examines the stability of the species and the human race. If Le Docteur Lerne (1908) knocks down the biological and physiological laws of the Creation in "wonderful hypotheses", Le Péril bleu (1910) shows the limits of a human knowledge reduced to a pure anthropocentric vision. The "wonderful hypotheses" of the science for Maurice Renard reveal the "unforeseen and possible consequences" of the scientific debates of his time, and particularly those resulting from the darwinism.