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Nuevo mundo - Mundos Nuevos
Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
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Nuevo mundo - Mundos Nuevos
Article
License: CC BY NC ND
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Psicoanálisis, higienismo y eugenesia: educación sexual en Chile, 1930-1940

Authors: Silvana Vetö;

Psicoanálisis, higienismo y eugenesia: educación sexual en Chile, 1930-1940

Abstract

Este trabajo apunta a dilucidar algunos aspectos de la recepción del psicoanálisis en Chile que hasta hoy no han sido puestos de relieve en su historia oficial: los anudamientos establecidos por el psicoanálisis con otros discursos de la época, el higienismo y la eugenesia. Se abordan dichos anudamientos en un campo cultural que en las décadas de 1930 y 1940 fue particularmente relevante en Chile, y que se construyó sobre la base de un potente discurso nacionalista. Se trata del campo de la educación sexual, el cual es abordado aquí a partir del análisis de dos cuerpos textuales: algunos escritos del Juez de Menores Samuel Gajardo, por un lado; y otros pertenecientes al psiquiatra y psicoanalista católico, Manuel Francisco Beca, por el otro.Resulta de este análisis una visión de la apropiación del psicoanálisis en Chile particularmente divergente de aquella transmitida hasta el día de hoy por la historia oficial. Un discurso plástico, de múltiples lecturas y aplicaciones, tremendamente útil en el campo de la profilaxis de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual, y respecto del cual se subraya especialmente la importancia atribuida a la infancia y a la sexualidad infantil. Lejos de la exclusividad que la historia oficial del psicoanálisis chileno le ha adjudicado generalmente al campo clínico, a la psiquiatría y a las instituciones psicoanalíticas, resaltan aquí los usos que el psicoanálisis puede tener para proyectos sociopolíticos y culturales.

Keywords

History of psychoanalysis, sexual education, hygienics, eugenics, Anthropology, Chile, Latin America. Spanish America, GN1-890, F1201-3799

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
gold