This article reconstructs some aspects of the institutional organization regarding the political regime of the first Peronism, between 1946 and 1955. This organization was developed in a historical context of expansion of the country’s social bases which occurred as a consequence of the integration of workers into the political system and of changes in the composition of the hegemonic bloc. It is considered that the configurational genesis of the Peronist government structure is found in the period of the military revolution, from 1943 to 1946. This configuration suffered different transformations during Perón's first presidency, especially with the National Constitution reform, completed during his second presidential term. The government structure diagram was inspired by two different logics of distribution and control of the political power which are essentially dissimilar: one coming from the classic theory of organization/administration and the other arising from the republican and representative regime of government, contained in the pre-reformed National Constitution. It is in this sense that implemented institutional modifications and the arguments used by the Peronist elites to adapt both the state and government logics are described.