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Couplage de données et méthodes, une approche méthodologique originale de modélisation de la trame noire

Coupling data and methods, an original methodological approach to modeling the black frame
Authors: Pinçon, Edouard; Sawtschuk, Jérôme; Hernández González, Edna;

Couplage de données et méthodes, une approche méthodologique originale de modélisation de la trame noire

Abstract

Alors que les impacts anthropiques sur la biodiversité urbaine et péri-urbaine sont étudiés depuis au moins cinquante ans, les effets de la pollution par l'éclairage artificiel sur la biodiversité nocturne par les politiques publiques est moins explorée. Cet article présente une cartographie des surfaces éclairées sur le territoire de Brest métropole, fondée sur les données de gestion du parc d'éclairage public, et son croisement avec les données d'occupation du sol pour construire un modèle de trame noire. La cartographie est d'abord générée en combinant une typologie des distributions photométriques avec les valeurs de flux lumineux. Puis, le modèle est construit par le calcul d'indices de biodiversité carroyés (méthode déductive) et par le calcul de graphes paysagers (méthode intégrative) expérimenté sur une espèce de chauve-souris. Un facteur de correction est intégré afin de permettre d'affiner le modèle par des mesures de terrain. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la cartographie est conforme aux observations de terrain et que la représentation des valeurs d'éclairement est cohérente. Le modèle de trame noire obtenue conforte la connaissance préexistante. Ce modèle est suffisamment précis pour repérer de potentielles zones à enjeu pour la faune et fournir des outils d’aide à la décision pour l’aménagement du territoire.

Country
France
Keywords

modelización, Geography (General), night, contaminación, noche, modeling, SIG, GIS, écologie urbaine, ecología urbana, urban ecology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, pollution, G1-922, nuit, modélisation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Published in a Diamond OA journal
Related to Research communities