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doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019342
pmid: 31698591
Permutation Entropy (PE) is a very popular complexity analysis tool for time series. De-spite its simplicity, it is very robust and yields goods results in applications related to assessing the randomness of a sequence, or as a quantitative feature for signal classification. It is based on com-puting the Shannon entropy of the relative frequency of all the ordinal patterns found in a time series. However, there is a basic consensus on the fact that only analysing sample order and not amplitude might have a detrimental effect on the performance of PE. As a consequence, a number of methods based on PE have been proposed in the last years to include the possible influence of sample ampli-tude. These methods claim to outperform PE but there is no general comparative analysis that confirms such claims independently. Furthermore, other statistics such as Sample Entropy (SampEn) are based solely on amplitude, and it could be argued that other tools like this one are better suited to exploit the amplitude differences than PE. The present study quantifies the performance of the standard PE method and other amplitude-included PE methods using a disparity of time series to find out if there are really significant performance differences. In addition, the study compares statistics based uniquely on ordinal or amplitude patterns. The objective was to ascertain whether the whole was more than the sum of its parts. The results confirmed that highest classification accuracy was achieved using both types of patterns simultaneously, instead of using standard PE (ordinal patterns), or SampEn (ampli-tude patterns) isolatedly.
Classification and discrimination; cluster analysis (statistical aspects), time series classification, Permutation entropy, fine-grained permutation entropy, sample entropy, weighted permutation entropy, Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis, Weighted permutation entropy, fine–grained permutation entropy, ARQUITECTURA Y TECNOLOGIA DE COMPUTADORES, Sample entropy, Medical applications (general), Amplitude aware permutation entropy, QA1-939, permutation entropy, Time series classification, TP248.13-248.65, Mathematics, Biotechnology, amplitude aware permutation entropy, Fine-grained permutation entropy
Classification and discrimination; cluster analysis (statistical aspects), time series classification, Permutation entropy, fine-grained permutation entropy, sample entropy, weighted permutation entropy, Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis, Weighted permutation entropy, fine–grained permutation entropy, ARQUITECTURA Y TECNOLOGIA DE COMPUTADORES, Sample entropy, Medical applications (general), Amplitude aware permutation entropy, QA1-939, permutation entropy, Time series classification, TP248.13-248.65, Mathematics, Biotechnology, amplitude aware permutation entropy, Fine-grained permutation entropy
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