
arXiv: 2508.17176
Abstract We present the discovery of a companion to the Y dwarf, CWISEP J193518.59–154620.3, the second Y-Y dwarf binary detected to date. Y dwarfs are the coldest known free-floating objects (<500 K) and, on average, represent the lowest mass objects directly formed through turbulent fragmentation of a molecular cloud. Studying their multiplicity allows us to place strong constraints on the ability to form multiple systems of planetary masses and approach the opacity limit of fragmentation. Due to their physical properties, Y dwarfs also serve as analogs to gas giant planets. CWISEP J193518.59–154620.3 has been shown to have a unique methane emission feature in its near-infrared spectrum at 3.326 μm, potentially indicative of auroral processes without a clear origin. CWISEP J193518.59–154620.3 was observed with JWST’s MIRI in the F1000W, F1280W, and F1800W filters. We applied a point-spread function (PSF) fitting algorithm using empirically derived PSF models and resolved a companion in the F1000W and F1280W filters separated by 172 mas and 2.48 au, assuming a distance of 14.43 pc. Using the ATMO2020 evolutionary models, we estimate a mass of 12–39 M Jup for the primary and 7–24 M Jup for the companion, assuming an age of 1–10 Gyr for a mass ratio of 0.55–0.62, resulting in an estimated period of 16–28 yr. It is unknown which component of this binary exhibits the methane emission feature. We also resolve known companions WISE J014656.66+423410.0B and WISE J171104.60+350036.8B using MIRI data and present their F1000W and F1280W photometry.
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 3 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
