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The Astronomical Journal
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
License: IOP Copyright Policies
Data sources: Crossref
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2019
License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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Stellar Flybys Interrupting Planet–Planet Scattering Generates Oort Planets

Authors: Nora Bailey; Daniel Fabrycky;

Stellar Flybys Interrupting Planet–Planet Scattering Generates Oort Planets

Abstract

Abstract Wide-orbit exoplanets are starting to be detected, and planetary formation models are under development to understand their properties. We propose a population of “Oort” planets around other stars, forming by means of a mechanism analogous to how the solar system’s Oort cloud of comets was populated. Gravitational scattering among planets is inferred from the eccentricity distribution of gas giant exoplanets measured by the Doppler technique. This scattering is thought to commence while the protoplanetary disk is dissipating, 106–107 yr after formation of the star, or perhaps soon thereafter, when the majority of stars are expected to be part of a natal cluster. Previous calculations of planet–planet scattering around isolated stars have one or more planets spending 104–107 yr at distances >100 au before ultimately being ejected. During that time, a close flyby of another star in the cluster may dynamically lift the periastron of the planet, ending further scattering with the inner planets. We present numerical simulations demonstrating this mechanism as well as an analysis of the efficiency. We estimate an occurrence of planets between 100 and 5000 au by this mechanism to be <1% for gas giants and up to a few percent for Neptunes and super-Earths.

Keywords

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
12
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold