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ARCHAISMS AS STYLISTIC SPECIFICITY OF TRANSLATION OF GOETHE’S «FAUST» INTO CHUVASH LANGUAGE

АРХАИЗМЫ КАК СТИЛИСТИЧЕСКОЕ СВОЕОБРАЗИЕ ПЕРЕВОДА ТРАГЕДИИ «ФАУСТ» НА ЧУВАШСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ARCHAISMS AS STYLISTIC SPECIFICITY OF TRANSLATION OF GOETHE’S «FAUST» INTO CHUVASH LANGUAGE

Abstract

В статье рассматриваются слова, вышедшие из употребления в разговорной речи, но сохранившиеся в воспроизведенном виде на чувашском языке в переводе произведения И. В. Гете «Фауст», выполненном Н. А. Андреевым (Урхи). Термин «стилистика», будучи учением об употреблении языка, трактуется нами как индивидуальная манера речи переводчика в процессе выявления архаизмов в чувашском варианте. Дифференциация письменного и разговорного стилей осуществляется с учетом национальных корней. Прерогатива в тексте трагедии принадлежит диалогу, в котором наиболее транспарентно представлены возможности стилистических особенностей употребления древних лексем, ставших для носителей языка архаизмами. Отдельно в качестве выразительных средств языка анализируются устаревшие устойчивые словосочетания, в которых функционально необходимый архаический стиль вызван к жизни пером Урхи, переводчика-самоучки (нем. Dolmetscher, чув. тăлмач, толмач). Семь лексических единиц из числа архаизмов характеризуются выделением двух степеней устарелости в зависимости от их употребления носителем простонародной речи и исследователем, усвоившим современный литературный язык по книгам, в одном лице. Н. А. Урхи освоил речь с молоком матери в самобытном натуральном пространстве во время активного повседневного общения в трудовой деятельности. Языком перевода он овладел своеобразно - благодаря учебникам для самообразования, самоподготовке к экзаменам экстерном, заочной форме обучения, т. е. его становление как переводчика шло дистанционно и долго (стал студентом вуза в возрасте 75 лет). В возрасте 88 лет Н. А. Урхи представил трагедию на своем материнском языке в Центральную библиотеку г. Веймар, тем самым увековечив свое имя в ряду переводчиков классики на чувашский язык. В статье его труд репрезентируется с целью активизации архаизмов в устной и письменной речи, ибо во времена переводчика Н. А. Урхи они были живым голосом современности. The article considers the words that have become obsolete in colloquial speech but preserved in reproduced form in the Chuvash language in the translation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s «Faust» made by N.A. Andreev (Urkhi). The author considers «style» as an individual manner of the translator’s speech in the process of identification of archaisms in the Chuvash language. Written and colloquial styles vary based on the ethnic background. The dialogue plays a prerogative role in the text of the tragedy, in which the possibilities of stylistic features of the use of ancient lexemes are most transparently presented and which have become archaisms for native speakers. The article analyzes as the archaic set phrases in which Urkhi, the Chuvash self-taught translator (German: Dolmetscher, Chuvash: tălmach) brought the archaic style to life. Seven archaisms are characterized by the two degrees of obsolescence depending on their use by both the native speaker of the vulgar language and the researcher of the modern literary language. Urkhi learnt the vulgar speech early in his childhood in an authentic natural environment during daily communication when working. He mastered the language of translation in a peculiar way. Urkhi was able to do that thanks to the textbooks for self-education, passing exams without attending lectures, being an external student. His becoming a translator took him a long time (he became a university student at the age of 75). At the age of 88, Urkhi contributed Goethe’s «Faust» in his mother language to the Central Library of the city of Weimar, thereby perpetuating his name among the translators of the classic literature into the Chuvash language. The article presents his work with the goal of activating the archaisms in oral and written speech, because in the time of Urkhi those archaisms were the living voice of his modernity.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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