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Journal of Visualized Experiments
Article . 2024
License: taverne
Data sources: Pure Amsterdam UMC
Journal of Visualized Experiments
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat

Authors: Fakkert, Raoul A.; Weber, Nina C.; Preckel, Benedikt; van Hulst, Robert A.; Mulder, Inge A.; Weenink, Robert P.;

Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat

Abstract

We present a methodological approach for preclinical research of cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE), a condition characterized by gas bubbles within the cerebral circulation causing multifocal ischemia. The current work describes two surgical methods to induce CAGE in the rat: one with injection of air via the external carotid artery (ECA), thereby sacrificing the vessel, and one via direct injection into the common carotid artery (CCA). Male Wistar rats were used and divided into groups (n=5) to undergo either the ECA- or CCA-entry method with injection of different air emboli volumes (6000, 7000 and 8000 nL) or sham surgery. A custom-made bubble generator was used to produce gas emboli with consistent size, and open-source software was developed for real-time bubble analysis. The comparison between the two methods revealed the CCA approach to be superior in terms of consistent bubble production within the bubble generator, reduced embolization time and fewer complications.

Country
Netherlands
Keywords

Male, Disease Models, Animal, Intracranial Embolism, Carotid Artery, Common, Carotid Artery, External, Animals, Embolism, Air, Rats, Wistar, Rats

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid