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EKSISBANK Ekonomi Syariah dan Bisnis Perbankan
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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TEORI RASIONALITAS MENURUT EKONOMI ISLAM

Authors: Herlan Firmansyah;

TEORI RASIONALITAS MENURUT EKONOMI ISLAM

Abstract

Pandangan tentang konsep rasionalitas memiliki konsekuensi terhadap perilaku manusiadalam melakukan tindakan ekonomi dan tujuan-tujuan hidupnya. Rasionalitas ekonomi yangdibangun oleh konsepsi homo economicus sebagaimana dikembangkan dalam ekonomi kapitalisdan sosialis berbeda dengan rasionalitas ekonomi yang dibangun oleh konsepsi homo islamicussebagaimana dikembangkan dalam ekonomi islam.Dalam kapitalisme, homo economicus telah diposisikan sebagai entitas ekonomi yangmengokohkan individualitas dan eksploitasi apa saja yang dianggap penting dari motif-motif dasarmanusia, hasrat dan self-interest, dan untuk dapat memproduksi standar kehidupan yang lebihtinggi. Homo economicus merepresentasikan manusia rasional yang diformalkan dalam modelmodelekomomi tertentu yang mengaktualisasikan pemuasan self-interest sebagai cara untukmeraih tujuan-tujuan ekonomi. Adapun dalam komunisme, homo economicus digambarkansebagai hubungan antara kondisi material dan kehidupan manusia yang esensial, yakni bahwabukan kesadaran manusia yang menentukan keberadaannya, akan tetapi sebaliknya keberadaansosial itulah yang menentukan kesadarannya.Banyak ekonom muslim yang tidak puas dengan konsep homo economicus sebagai modaldasar perilaku ekonomi manusia. Karena itulah, ekonom muslim pun menggantinya dengankonsepi homo islamicus sebagai model dasar perilaku ekonomi yang sesuai dengan fitrah hakikimanusia. Istilah homo islamicus mengacu kepada perilaku individu yang dibimbing oleh nilainilaiIslam. Rasonalitas yang dibangun oleh konsepsi homo islamicus berpandangan bahwasegenap tindakan ekonomi tidak hanya menuruti hasrat-hasrat alamiah manusia tetapi harusdidasarkan kepada kebenaran dan kebajikan. Jalan untuk mencapai rasionalitas ini tidak lainadalah mensubordinatkan motif, pikiran, orientasi, kehendak dan perilau ekonomi kepada aturandan moralitas yang ditentukan oleh syariat Islam.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold