Type specimens from the collection of Hymenoptera deposited in the Department of Entomology, National Museum of the Czech Republic, are currently being catalogued. In this part of the catalogue we deal with the superfamily Diaprioidea Haliday, 1833. We present precise information about the 46 species belonging to the family Diapriidae Haliday, 1833: four species in the subfamily Ambositrinae Masner, 1961; 34 species in the subfamily Belytinae Förster, 1856, including 30 holotype specimens, and eight species in the subfamily Diapriinae Haliday, 1833, including four holotype specimens. We also present precise information about one species belonging to the family Maamingidae Early, Masner, Naumann & Be, 2001. In total, 758 type specimens of the superfamily Diaprioidea are deposited in the National Museum of the Czech Republic. Most species belonging to the family Diapriidae were described by Jan Macek. Current status, distribution and photos are provided for each taxon. For many species listed in this catalogue, these are the first-ever published photographs. The holotype and allotype of two species, Aprestes modesta Macek, 1997 and A. rugifrons Macek, 1997, the holotype of Aprestes japonica Macek, 1997, and the allotype of Aclista pseudobitensis Macek, 2007 are currently missing but available data on these specimens are provided.