This volume offers a variety of perspectives on Turkey’s democratic backsliding since 2010 as the ruling Justice and Development Party and President Recep T. Erdoğan have consolidated their rule. It highlights numerous historical, ideological, and structural forces that have contributed to this process, explores the weaknesses of the opposition and civil society actors, examines how the changing political economy has contributed to growing authoritarianism, and notes how growing authoritarianism has impacted different political and social actors. It also suggests some factors that might help reverse the current processes of de-democratization.