The Industrial Revolution accelerated natural resource extraction, profoundly transforming European ecosystems. The present post-industrial scenarios clearly illustrate the deep interrelation between nature and culture, producing spaces known as "Anthropogenic Landscapes." This is book explores European industrial heritage, revealing the deep interconnection between human activities and the natural environment, thus redefining the concept of heritage. By integrating political and social perspectives, the book examines the connections between industrial heritage and contemporary environmental crises like climate change and soil and water pollution. It provides readers with the knowledge and tools necessary to interpret, manage, and promote industrial heritage from this specific environmental perspective. Inspired by practical cases in Belgium, Italy, Serbia, and Sweden, it also explores former industrial sites repurposed for cultural and recreational use, offering a comprehensive understanding of industrial heritage in the Anthropocene era.