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Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
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Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2020
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Coloring Drawings of Graphs

Coloring drawings of graphs
Authors: Hertrich, Christoph; Schröder, Felix; Steiner, Raphael;
Abstract

We consider cell colorings of drawings of graphs in the plane. Given a multi-graph $G$ together with a drawing $\Gamma(G)$ in the plane with only finitely many crossings, we define a cell $k$-coloring of $\Gamma(G)$ to be a coloring of the maximal connected regions of the drawing, the cells, with $k$ colors such that adjacent cells have different colors. By the $4$-color theorem, every drawing of a bridgeless graph has a cell $4$-coloring. A drawing of a graph is cell $2$-colorable if and only if the underlying graph is Eulerian. We show that every graph without degree 1 vertices admits a cell $3$-colorable drawing. This leads to the natural question which abstract graphs have the property that each of their drawings has a cell $3$-coloring. We say that such a graph is universally cell $3$-colorable. We show that every $4$-edge-connected graph and every graph admitting a nowhere-zero $3$-flow is universally cell $3$-colorable. We also discuss circumstances under which universal cell $3$-colorability guarantees the existence of a nowhere-zero $3$-flow. On the negative side, we present an infinite family of universally cell $3$-colorable graphs without a nowhere-zero $3-flow. On the positive side, we formulate a conjecture which has a surprising relation to a famous open problem by Tutte known as the $3$-flow-conjecture. We prove our conjecture for subcubic and for $K_{3,3}$-minor-free graphs.

Keywords

FOS: Computer and information sciences, F.2.2; G.2.2, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs, \(K_{3,3}\)-minor-free graphs, Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM), Graph representations (geometric and intersection representations, etc.), universally cell \(3\)-colorable, cell \(k\)-coloring, G.2.2, 05C10 05C15 (Primary) 05C45 (Secondary), Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory, Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Combinatorics (math.CO), F.2.2, cell colorings, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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