In developed countries, colorectal cancer represents one of the most common malignancy. Screening of colorectal cancer, as a tool of secondary prevention, lead to reduction of the incidence and mortality of this disease. It allows to capture not only the precancerous lesions, but also the earlier stages of colorectal cancer, which can be effectively treated. In the Czech Republic the National colorectal cancer screening program was launched in 2000. It is focused to asymptomatic individuals over 50 years old, who have a negative personal and family history of colorectal neoplasia. The basic tools of colorectal cancer screening in the Czech Republic include fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy. Introduction a population based screening program by addressed invitation in 2014 led to increase the participation of the target population for screening. Key words: address invitation - colorectal cancer - epidemiology - population based screening - screening tests.