In this study, Cu-BTC (copper(II) benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were incorporated into the structure of polysulfone (PSf) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes to improve the membrane performance for landfill leachate treatment, whereby different concentrations of Cu-BTC (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 wt%) were added to the PSf casting solution. The successful incorporation of Cu-BTC MOFs into the modified membranes was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The Cu-BTC-modified PSf membranes showed higher performance in terms of flux and rejection, as compared to the neat PSf membrane. For example, the pure water flux (PWF) of neat membrane increased from 111 to 194 L/m2h (LMH) by loading 2 wt% Cu-BTC into the membrane structure, indicating 74% improvement in PWF. Furthermore, the flux of this membrane during filtration of landfill leachate increased up to 15 LMH, which indicated 50% improvement in permeability, as compared to the neat membrane. Finally, the modified membranes showed reasonable antifouling and anti-biofouling properties than the blank membrane.