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Orbivirus NS4 Proteins Play Multiple Roles to Dampen Cellular Responses

Authors: Mohd Jaafar, Fauziah; Belhouchet, Mourad; Monsion, Baptiste; Bell-Sakyi, Lesley; Mertens, Peter; Attoui, Houssam;

Orbivirus NS4 Proteins Play Multiple Roles to Dampen Cellular Responses

Abstract

Non-structural protein 4 (NS4) of insect-borne and tick-borne orbiviruses is encoded by genome segment 9, from a secondary open reading frame. Though a protein dispensable for bluetongue virus (BTV) replication, it has been shown to counter the interferon response in cells infected with BTV or African horse sickness virus. We further explored the functional role(s) of NS4 proteins of BTV and the tick-borne Great Island virus (GIV). We show that NS4 of BTV or GIV helps an E3L deletion mutant of vaccinia virus to replicate efficiently in interferon-treated cells, further confirming the role of NS4 as an interferon antagonist. Our results indicate that ectopically expressed NS4 of BTV localised with caspase 3 within the nucleus and was found in a protein complex with active caspase 3 in a pull-down assay. Previous studies have shown that pro-apoptotic caspases (including caspase 3) suppress type I interferon response by cleaving mediators involved in interferon signalling. Our data suggest that orbivirus NS4 plays a role in modulating the apoptotic process and/or regulating the interferon response in mammalian cells, thus acting as a virulence factor in pathogenesis.

Country
France
Keywords

[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Mammals, 570, Great Island virus, NS4, Caspase 3, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 610, Apoptosis, Microbiology, QR1-502, Article, orbivirus, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], bluetongue virus, innate responses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Interferon Type I, Animals, St. Croix River virus, Orbivirus, Thogotovirus, Bluetongue virus

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold