Entrepreneurial resources are crucial to the success of ventures in underdeveloped regions. Leveraging limited resources to enhance entrepreneurial effectiveness and contribute to poverty alleviation through entrepreneurship has attracted significant academic interest. In this study, a conceptual model is developed, incorporating resource bricolage, entrepreneurial involvement, entrepreneurial action learning, and entrepreneurial behavior. Through an empirical analysis of data collected from 230 startup founders in the Wuling Mountain Area, the results indicate that resource bricolage positively influences entrepreneurial behavior, while entrepreneurial involvement partially mediates the relationship between resource bricolage and entrepreneurial behavior. However, the findings also suggest that entrepreneurial action learning negatively moderates the relationship between resource bricolage and entrepreneurial involvement and that entrepreneurial involvement exerts a significant moderated mediation effect on the relationship between resource bricolage and entrepreneurial behavior. This study advances our understanding of resource bricolage and its implication for the resource environment in underdeveloped regions, providing valuable insights into how entrepreneurs can effectively adapt to resource-constrained settings.