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Content-Based Histopathological Image Retrieval

Authors: Camilo Nuñez-Fernández ; Humberto Farias ; Mauricio Solar ;

Content-Based Histopathological Image Retrieval

Abstract

Feature descriptors in histopathological images are an important challenge for the implementation of Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems, an essential tool to support pathologists. Deep learning models like Convolutional Neural Networks and Vision Transformers improve the extraction of these feature descriptors. These models typically generate embeddings by leveraging deeper single-scale linear layers or advanced pooling layers. However, these embeddings, by focusing on local spatial details at a single scale, miss out on the richer spatial context from earlier layers. This gap suggests the development of methods that incorporate multi-scale information to enhance the depth and utility of feature descriptors in histopathological image analysis. In this work, we propose the Local–Global Feature Fusion Embedding Model. This proposal is composed of three elements: (1) a pre-trained backbone for feature extraction from multi-scales, (2) a neck branch for local–global feature fusion, and (3) a Generalized Mean (GeM)-based pooling head for feature descriptors. Based on our experiments, the model’s neck and head were trained on ImageNet-1k and PanNuke datasets employing the Sub-center ArcFace loss and compared with the state-of-the-art Kimia Path24C dataset for histopathological image retrieval, achieving a Recall@1 of 99.40% for test patches.

Keywords

Deep Learning, content-based image retrieval, Chemical technology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, feature fusion, Humans, histopathological image, TP1-1185, Neural Networks, Computer, feature embedding, transfer learning, Article, Algorithms

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold