The effective utilization of biomass components in the pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) of lignocellulose is a crucial way for traditional pulp and paper mills converting into biomass refining facilities. In the present work, separation technologies are summarized and reviewed—including acidification, ethanol precipitation, flocculation and coagulation, adsorption, solvent extraction, enzyme treatment, and oxidation—with regard to component separation and impurity removal. The utilization of hemicelluloses from PHL for the production of furfural, adhesive and biofuel, as well as the application of lignin separated from PHL and the full components utilization of PHL without separation is reviewed and analyzed.