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Human Enterovirus B: Selective Inhibition by Quinoxaline Derivatives and Bioinformatic RNA-Motif Identification as New Targets

Authors: Silvia Madeddu; Roberta Ibba; Giuseppina Sanna; Sandra Piras; Federico Riu; Alessandra Marongiu; Annalisa Ambrosino; +5 Authors

Human Enterovirus B: Selective Inhibition by Quinoxaline Derivatives and Bioinformatic RNA-Motif Identification as New Targets

Abstract

The Enterovirus genus includes many viruses that are pathogenic in humans, including Coxsackie viruses and rhinoviruses, as well as the emerging enteroviruses D68 and A71. Currently, effective antiviral agents are not available for the treatment or prevention of enterovirus infections, which remain an important threat to public health. We recently identified a series of quinoxaline derivatives that were provento be potent inhibitors of coxsackievirus B5, the most common and a very important human pathogen belonging to the enterovirus genus. We have shown how most active derivatives interfere with the earliest stages of viral replication, blocking infection. Considering the broad antiviral spectrum, a very attractive property for an antiviral drug, we aimed to investigate the antiviral activity of the most promising compounds against other Enterovirus species. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of a panel of representatives of Enterovirus genus (enterovirus A71, belonging to A species; coxsackieviruses B4 and B3;echovirus 9, belonging to B species; and enterovirus D68, belonging to D species) to quinoxaline inhibitors. We also tested cytotoxicity and selectivity indices of the selected compounds, as well as their effects on virus yield.We also investigated their potential mechanism of action by a time course assay. In addition, a bioinformatic analysis was carried out to discover potential new conserved motifs in CVB3 and CVB4 compared to the other enterovirus species that can be used as new targets.

Country
Italy
Keywords

quinoxaline derivatives, RNA-binding protein database, enterovirus, :enterovirus; antiviral activity; quinoxaline derivatives; coxsackievirus B; time of drug addiction; RNA-binding protein database, R, RNA-binding protein database; antiviral activity; coxsackievirus B; enterovirus; quinoxaline derivatives; time of drug addiction, time of drug addiction, Article, RS1-441, Pharmacy and materia medica, coxsackievirus B, enterovirus; antiviral activity; quinoxaline derivatives; coxsackievirus B; time of drug addiction; RNA-binding protein database, antiviral activity, Medicine, Antiviral activity; Coxsackievirus B; Enterovirus; Quinoxaline derivatives; RNA-binding protein database; Time of drug addiction

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    5
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold