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Pathogens
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Pathogens
Article . 2025
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PubMed Central
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
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Rapid Detection of Duck Enteritis Virus with MIRA, MIRA–qPCR, and MIRA–LFD Assays

Authors: Yin Dai; Xiaomiao Hu; Yueyi Zhong; Liyuan Chen; Jieru Wang; Dongdong Yin; Lei Yin; +4 Authors

Rapid Detection of Duck Enteritis Virus with MIRA, MIRA–qPCR, and MIRA–LFD Assays

Abstract

Duck viral enteritis (DVE) is an acute and highly contagious disease that affects waterfowl such as ducks, geese and swans. Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is the pathogen, causing huge economic losses to waterfowl farming in recent years. Establishing a rapid, simple, and visual detection should facilitate the early identification of DEV. After the amplification primers and reaction conditions were optimized, three multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification (MIRA) methods—basic MIRA, MIRA–quantitative PCR (MIRA–qPCR) and MIRA–lateral flow dipstick (MIRA–LFD)—were established to detect DEV. Specificity analyses showed that the three MIRA methods specifically detected DEV, with no cross-reaction with fowl adenovirus serotype 4, novel goose astrovirus, Muscovy duck reovirus, avian influenza virus subtype H9, or duck circovirus. The basic MIRA reaction was completed in 30 min at 35 °C, requiring only a pair of primers. Detection with MIRA–qPCR or MIRA–LFD was completed within 20 min, and the limits of detection were 1 × 101 copies/μL for both. MIRA–LFD required no specialized instruments, and the results could be viewed directly with the naked eye. Compared with the traditional PCR, MIRA assays are simple, rapid, and effective and therefore more suitable for the field detection of DEV.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Mardivirus, Ducks, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Animals, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Article, Poultry Diseases, Enteritis, Siadenovirus

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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold