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Pathogens
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Pathogens
Article . 2025
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Pathogens
Article . 2025
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Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma spp. Against Phytophthora ramorum

Authors: Elisa Becker; Nirusan Rajakulendran; Simon Francis Shamoun;

Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma spp. Against Phytophthora ramorum

Abstract

Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of Sudden Oak Death and related diseases, threatens over 130 tree and shrub species. We evaluated the biocontrol potential of isolates from nine Trichoderma species against P. ramorum using growth-rate studies, dual-culture assays, and culture-filtrate assays. Results showed significant variation in Trichoderma growth rates and biocontrol potential. Some isolates exhibited rapid growth, effective overgrowth, and lethal effects against P. ramorum and produced potent antagonistic metabolites. Faster growth rates only partially correlated with biocontrol efficacy, indicating that factors beyond growth, such as metabolite production, play significant roles. Notably, isolates of T. koningii, T. viride, and the commercial product SoilGard™ (T. virens) showed promising efficacy. We calculated a combined biocontrol variable to rank isolates based on vigour and efficacy to aid in identifying promising candidates. Our findings support the use of Trichoderma spp. as biocontrol agents against P. ramorum and underscore the need for a multifaceted approach to selecting and optimizing isolates. Our evaluation demonstrated the importance of using different assays to assess specific mechanisms of action of biocontrol candidates. Future research should further explore these interactions to enhance the sustainable management of P. ramorum.

Keywords

Phytophthora, Trichoderma, sudden oak death, R, <i>Trichoderma</i>, Article, mechanisms of action, <i>Phytophthora ramorum</i>, Biological Control Agents, biological control agents, Antibiosis, Medicine, biocontrol, Pest Control, Biological, Plant Diseases

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    5
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold