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Does Hamiltonian Replica Exchange via Lambda-Hopping Enhance the Sampling in Alchemical Free Energy Calculations?

Authors: Procacci, Piero;

Does Hamiltonian Replica Exchange via Lambda-Hopping Enhance the Sampling in Alchemical Free Energy Calculations?

Abstract

In the context of computational drug design, we examine the effectiveness of the enhanced sampling techniques in state-of-the-art free energy calculations based on alchemical molecular dynamics simulations. In a paradigmatic molecule with competition between conformationally restrained E and Z isomers whose probability ratio is strongly affected by the coupling with the environment, we compare the so-called λ-hopping technique to the Hamiltonian replica exchange methods assessing their convergence behavior as a function of the enhanced sampling protocols (number of replicas, scaling factors, simulation times). We found that the pure λ-hopping, commonly used in solvation and binding free energy calculations via alchemical free energy perturbation techniques, is ineffective in enhancing the sampling of the isomeric states, exhibiting a pathological dependence on the initial conditions. Correct sampling can be restored in λ-hopping simulation by the addition of a “hot-zone” scaling factor to the λ-stratification (FEP+ approach), provided that the additive hot-zone scaling factors are tuned and optimized using preliminary ordinary replica-exchange simulation of the end-states.

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Keywords

replica exchange, FEP; FEP+; binding free energy; drug design; molecular dynamics; replica exchange; solute tempering; Entropy; Thermodynamics; Molecular Dynamics Simulation, drug design, Entropy, FEP<sup>+</sup>, Organic chemistry, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, FEP, molecular dynamics, Article, drug design; molecular dynamics; binding free energy; replica exchange; FEP; FEP<sup>+</sup>; solute tempering, QD241-441, Thermodynamics, binding free energy

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold