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Antioxidant Effects of Some Drugs on Immobilization Stress Combined with Cold Restraint Stress

Authors: Svetlana Trivic; Julijana Rasic; Biljana Kaurinovic; Snezana Janicijevic-Hudomal; Mira Popovic; Matilda Vojnović;

Antioxidant Effects of Some Drugs on Immobilization Stress Combined with Cold Restraint Stress

Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect on antioxidant potential of some commonly used drugs (morphine, tramadol, bromocriptine, haloperidol and azithromycin) on immobilization stress (IS) combined with cold restraint stress (CRS) in the rat. After the drug treatment the animals were kept immobilized in the cold chamber at 4±0.3ºC for 3 hours and then decapitaed and the livers were extracted. The following parameters were determined in the liver homogenate: content of reduced glutathione, activities of catalase, xanthine oxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation intensity. A battery of biochemical assays was used and the resulting data were statistically analyzed. Combined stress exhibited a prooxidative action (increased catalase activity, lowered content of reduced glutathione). Significantly enhanced catalase activity that was observed in all groups compared to the control indicates that the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolite is hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes very rapidly (very high catalase activity), thus hindering formation of OH radicals as the most toxic ROS. None of the tested drugs showed a protective effect on combined IS and CRS. The intensity of lipid peroxidation did not change either in the combined stress or under additional influence of the drugs. Probably, under our experimental conditions, the time was not sufficiently long to observe damage of lipid membrane by ROS.

Keywords

immobilization stress, tramadol, Male, Organic chemistry, Azithromycin, Article, Antioxidants, haloperidol, Immobilization, QD241-441, Stress, Physiological, Animals, Rats, Wistar, cold restraint stress, Bromocriptine, bromocriptine, azithromycin, Glutathione Peroxidase, immobilization stress; cold restraint stress; morphine; tramadol; bromocriptine; haloperidol; azithromycin; antioxidative status, Morphine, morphine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Catalase, antioxidative status, Glutathione, Rats, Cold Temperature, Oxidative Stress, Glutathione Reductase, Haloperidol, Lipid Peroxidation, Reactive Oxygen Species

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    20
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
20
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
Green
gold