
doi: 10.3390/ijfs6010019
handle: 10419/195685
Assuming that a time series incorporates “signal” and “noise” components, we propose a method to estimate the extent of the “noise” component by considering the smoothing properties of the state-space of the time series. A mild degree of smoothing in the state-space, applied using a Kalman filter, allows for noise estimation arising from the measurement process. It is particularly suited in the context of a reputation index, because small amounts of noise can easily mask more significant effects. Adjusting the state-space noise measurement parameter leads to a limiting smoothing situation, from which the extent of noise can be estimated. The results indicate that noise constitutes approximately 10% of the raw signal: approximately 40 decibels. A comparison with low pass filter methods (Butterworth in particular) is made, although low pass filters are more suitable for assessing total signal noise.
ddc:330, reputation, signal to noise, S/N, moving average, low pass filters, reputation; reputation index; signal to noise; S/N; state-space; Kalman; time series; low pass filters; butterworth; moving average, Kalman, HG1-9999, state-space, butterworth, time series, Finance, reputation index
ddc:330, reputation, signal to noise, S/N, moving average, low pass filters, reputation; reputation index; signal to noise; S/N; state-space; Kalman; time series; low pass filters; butterworth; moving average, Kalman, HG1-9999, state-space, butterworth, time series, Finance, reputation index
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